Why is prevention important?
A substance use disorder is a chronic, progressive, relapsing disease, not unlike heart disease, cancer or diabetes. It has a pediatric onset, when the brain is not fully developed, and use and abuse peaks in young adulthood. It is preventable and treatable.
There are two main factors that lead to substance use disorders - early onset of use and biologic factors.
The research tells us that those who begin to use substances before the age of 15 are five times more likely to develop abuse/dependence in adulthood.
Children of addicts are four times more likely to develop the disease.
It is important to delay when initiation occurs - remember brain development - so kids can grow up healthy and well.
What are the signs and symptoms of opiate abuse?
Physical: small pupils, shallow or slow breathing, slow pulse/heart rate, analgesia (feeling no pain), sedation, euphoria (feeling high), nausea, vomiting, itching or flushed skin, constipation, slurred speech, poor coordination.
Behavioral: changes in friends/grades/activities, changes in appetite or sleep patterns, changes in weight, deterioration of physical appearance/personal grooming habits, confusion or poor judgment.
What are the harms and consequences of opiate abuse?
Impaired decision-making abilities, ability to regulate behavior, and respond to stressful situations.
Physical dependence, addiction.
Respiratory depression, hypoxia, coma, permanent brain damage, death.